Visa or eTA?
Citizens of visa-required countries need a temporary resident visa. Travellers from visa-exempt countries flying to Canada need an eTA, except U.S. citizens. Some visa-required nationals who held a Canadian visa in the past ten years, or hold a valid U.S. non-immigrant visa, may qualify for an eTA when flying. Check your eligibility before booking.
What officers look for
- Purpose of visit: tourism, family, business or an event, with supporting documents.
- Ties to home: employment, business, property, family and studies.
- Finances: enough funds, with an explained source, or a credible host.
- Travel history: past compliance with visas in Canada and elsewhere.
- Admissibility: criminal and medical issues must be disclosed. A conviction may need rehabilitation or a TRP.
Business visitors
Business visitors can attend meetings, conferences and training and negotiate contracts, but cannot enter the Canadian labour market. If the activity is “work”, you need a work permit or an exemption.
After a refusal
Read the reasons, and request the officer’s notes if needed. A new application that answers the specific concern, with better evidence, is usually the right response. Judicial review is possible but is rarely the fastest route for a visit. Never leave out a previous refusal on a later application.
Last reviewed November 2026. This page is general information, not legal advice. Immigration law and IRB procedure change often; we confirm the current rules for your file at your consultation.